This research paper by Brittain Brewer, submitted to Dr. Belcher for OT512 – Poets at Reformed Theological Seminary – Charlotte, investigates how the phrase ’im kî in Lamentations 5:22 should be translated and how its meaning shapes the book’s theology. Brewer evaluates six major translation options and concludes that Robert Gordis’s concessive reading—“even though you have despised us greatly and have been exceedingly angry with us”—most accurately reflects both the grammar and the theological intent of the text.
Through detailed linguistic analysis, Brewer examines the grammatical structure of ’im kî in the Hebrew Bible, weighing restrictive (“unless”) and concessive (“even though”) interpretations. He argues that the concessive meaning best aligns with the syntax, citing examples from Isaiah, Amos, and Lamentations 3:32. This reading shifts the focus from hypothetical rejection to confident hope: the people appeal to God’s covenant mercy even in the midst of His wrath.
The paper concludes that Lamentations 5:22, read through the lens of 3:31–32, expresses enduring hope in God’s steadfast love. Though Yahweh has indeed afflicted and rejected His people, His compassion remains certain. Brewer closes with the translation: “Bring us back to yourself, O Lord, that we may repent… even though you have greatly despised us and are exceedingly angry with us.”
Course and semester: OT512 Poets — Spring 2016
