This research paper by Beck Otersen, submitted to Dr. Richard Belcher Jr. for OT5200 – Genesis–Deuteronomy at Reformed Theological Seminary – Charlotte, provides a detailed exegesis of Exodus 21:22–25, one of the most debated passages in biblical law.
Otersen analyzes the passage’s structure, Hebrew grammar, and ancient Near Eastern context to clarify how it addresses accidental injury to a pregnant woman. He argues that the law distinguishes between cases of premature birth and cases involving significant harm, establishing proportional justice rather than arbitrary punishment.
The paper also explores how Jesus’ teaching in Matthew 5 reframes the lex talionis—the “eye for an eye” principle—not as personal vengeance but as a judicial guideline ensuring fairness. Otersen concludes that Exodus 21:22–25 reflects God’s unwavering commitment to justice, the protection of life, and the anticipation of divine mercy fulfilled in Christ.
Course and semester: OT5200 Genesis–Deuteronomy — Fall 2021
