This research paper by Gabe Lott, submitted to Dr. Michael J. Kruger for NT5150 – Gospels at Reformed Theological Seminary – Charlotte, explores the theological and linguistic significance of Jesus’ statement, “If I cast out demons by the finger of God, then the kingdom of God has come upon you” (Luke 11:20). Lott argues that Luke’s use of “the finger of God” intentionally identifies the Holy Spirit as divine, revealing His active role in the inauguration of God’s kingdom through Christ’s ministry.
Drawing on the Old Testament background, Lott connects the phrase to Exodus 8:19, where the magicians of Egypt recognize God’s power in the plagues, and to Deuteronomy 9:10, where God writes the law on stone tablets. These connections highlight the Spirit’s creative and revelatory work. Lott also contrasts Luke’s “finger of God” with Matthew’s parallel expression “Spirit of God,” concluding that Luke’s phrase emphasizes the Spirit’s divine agency while preserving Trinitarian distinction.
Lott further demonstrates that Luke’s pneumatology portrays the Spirit as the operative presence of God throughout Jesus’ life and ministry—anointing, empowering, and authenticating His works. The exorcisms performed “by the finger of God” mark the arrival of the eschatological kingdom, where Satan’s dominion is overthrown by divine power.
Lott concludes that Luke 11:20 affirms the Spirit’s full divinity and central role in redemption. Through the “finger of God,” Jesus reveals the Spirit as both Creator and Redeemer, whose presence brings the kingdom of God near and confirms the unity of divine action within the Trinity.
Course and semester: NT5150 Gospels — Spring 2019
